Gerunds

A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition.

Gerund as subject:

·         Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences. (Traveling is the gerund.)

·         The study abroad program might satisfy your desire for new experiences. (The gerund has been removed.)

Gerund as direct object:

·         They do not appreciate my singing. (The gerund is singing.)

·         They do not appreciate my assistance. (The gerund has been removed)

Gerund as subject complement:

·         My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (The gerund is sleeping.)

·         My cat's favorite food is salmon. (The gerund has been removed.)

Gerund as object of preposition:

·         The police arrested him for speeding. (The gerund is speeding.)

·         The police arrested him for criminal activity. (The gerund has been removed.)

·         A gerund phrase is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirect object(s), or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the gerund, such as: